Walz J., Epstein J. I., Ganzer R., Graefen M., Guazzoni G., Kaouk J., Menon M., Mottrie A., Myers R. P., Patel V., Tewari A., Villers A., Artibani W.   A Critical Analysis of the Current Knowledge of Surgical Anatomy of the Prostate Related to Optimisation of Cancer Control and Preservation of Continence and Erection in Candidates for Radical Prostatectomy: An Update.  Eur. Urol..  2016 ;70 :301-311

CONTEXT: In 2010, we published a review summarising the available literature on surgical anatomy of the prostate and adjacent structures involved in cancer control and the functional outcome of prostatectomy. OBJECTIVE: To provide an update based on new literature to help the surgeon improve oncologic and surgical outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: We searched the PubMed database using the keywords radical prostatectomy, anatomy, neurovascular bundle, nerve, fascia, pelvis, sphincter, urethra, urinary continence, and erectile function. Relevant articles and textbook chapters published since the last review were critically reviewed, analysed, and summarised. Moreover, we integrated aspects that were not addressed in the last review into this update. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: We found new evidence for several topics. Up to 40% of the cross-sectional surface area of the urethral sphincter tissue is laterally overlapped by the dorsal vascular complex and might be injured during en bloc ligation. Denonvilliers fascia is fused with the base of the prostate in a horizontal fashion dorsally/caudally of the seminal vesicles, requiring sharp detachment when preserved. During extended pelvic lymph node dissection, the erectile nerves are at risk in the presacral and internal iliac area. Dissection planes for nerve sparing can be graded according to the amount of tissue left on the prostate as a safety margin against positive surgical margins. Vascular structures can serve as landmarks. The urethral sphincter and its length after RP are influenced by the shape of the apex. Taking this shape into account allows preservation of additional sphincter length with improved postoperative continence. CONCLUSIONS: This update provides additional, detailed information about the surgical anatomy of the prostate and adjacent tissues involved in RP. This anatomy remains complex and widely variable. These details facilitate surgical orientation and dissection during RP and ideally should translate into improved outcomes. PATIENT SUMMARY: Based on recent anatomic findings regarding the prostate and its surrounding tissue, the urologist can individualise the dissection during RP according to cancer and patient characteristics to improve oncologic and functional results at the same time.

Kerbage Y., Collinet P., Rubod C., Merlot B., Cosson M.   Litigation in gynecological surgery: A retrospective study in the French university hospital of Lille between 1997 and 2015.  Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil..  2016 ;44 :196-199

OBJECTIVE: Analysis of litigation in gynecological surgery in the French university hospital of Lille. METHODS: It is a longitudinal and retrospective study. We collected all cases of complaints between November 1997 and August 2015 concerning the department of gynecological surgery, university hospital of Lille. Medical data were obtained using electronic medical record and hospital's legal unit gave data about the complaints. RESULTS: Forty cases were identified during the reporting period. Thirty-three records concerned medical injuries and seven cases failing to provide information or lack of communication. Eleven complaints were reviewed by the French "commission de conciliation et d'indemnisation". Five cases were brought to administrative court. Finally, Lille high court examined two records. Most of complaints concerned perforation during endoscopic procedures, nosocomial infections and forgotten foreign bodies. It was not observed any increasing number of complaints during the whole period. It was noticed a decreasing number of legal action in favor of "commission de conciliation et d'indemnisation". CONCLUSION: This study evaluated specifically litigation in gynecological surgery. It is necessary to conduct this type of study so as to improve medical care and to provide information for practitioner about consequences of their exercise.

Mircea O., Puscasiu L., Resch B., Lucas J., Collinet P., Von Theobald P., Merviel P., Roman H.   Fertility Outcomes After Ablation Using Plasma Energy Versus Cystectomy in Infertile Women With Ovarian Endometrioma: A Multicentric Comparative Study.  J. Mimim. Invasive Gynecol..  2016 ;23 :1138-1145

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the probability of postoperative pregnancy in infertile women with ovarian endometrioma larger than 3 cm in diameter, managed by either ablation using plasma energy or cystectomy. DESIGN: A multicentric case-control study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Six surgical departments, affiliated with 4 university hospitals and 2 private facilities. PATIENTS: One hundred four infertile patients with ovarian endometrioma larger than 3 cm. INTERVENTIONS: Endometrioma ablation using plasma energy was performed in 64 patients (61.5%) and cystectomy in 40 patients (38.5%). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Patients were enrolled in the CIRENDO prospective cohort database (NCT02294825) from June 2009 to June 2014 and managed in 6 different facilities. The minimum length of follow-up was 1 year. Postoperative probabilities of pregnancy in patietns and control subjects were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and compared using the log-rank test. The Cox model was used to assess independent predictive factors for pregnancy. Patients managed by plasma energy were significantly older than patients managed by cystectomy, had significantly higher overall revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) score, and had higher rate of Douglas pouch obliteration, deep endometriosis, and colorectal localizations. After a mean follow-up of 35.3 +/- 17.5 months (range, 12-60), fertility outcomes were comparable between the groups. The probability of pregnancy at 24 and 36 months after surgery in plasma energy and cystectomy groups was, respectively, 61.3% (95% CI, 48.2%-74.4%) versus 69.3% (95% CI, 54.5%-83%) and 84.4% (95% CI, 72%-93.4%) versus 78.3% (95% CI, 63.8%-90%). The Cox's model revealed that the type of surgical procedure on ovarian endometrioma had no statistically significant impact on the probability of pregnancy, after adjustment for women's age, bilateral cysts larger than 3 cm, colorectal endometriosis, and rAFS stage of endometriosis. CONCLUSION: Postoperative pregnancy rates were comparable after management of ovarian endometrioma by either ablation using plasma energy or cystectomy despite an overall higher rate of unfavorable fertility predictive factors in women managed by ablation.

Siemens D. R., Klotz L., Heidenreich A., Chowdhury S., Villers A., Baron B., Van Os S., Hasabou N., Brown S., Wang F., Forer D., Shore N. D.   EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ENZALUTAMIDE VERSUS BICALUTAMIDE IN YOUNGER AND OLDER PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER IN THE TERRAIN TRIAL.  Asia-Pac. J. Clin. Oncol..  2016 ;12 :117-117
Gazzali A. M., Lobry M., Colombeau L., Acherar S., Azaïs H., Mordon S., Arnoux P., Baros F., Vanderesse R., Frochot C.   Stability of folic acid under several parameters.  Eur. J. Pharm. Sci..  2016 ;93 :419-430

Folic acid is a small molecule, also known as vitamin B9. It is an essential compound involved in important biochemical processes. It is widely used as a vector for targeted treatment and diagnosis especially in cancer therapeutics. Nevertheless, not many authors address the problem of folic acid degradation. Several researchers reported their observations concerning its denaturation, but they generally only took into account one parameter (pH, temperature, light or O2etc.). In this review, we will focus on five main parameters (assessed individually or in conjunction with one or several others) that have to be taken into account to avoid the degradation of folic acid: light, temperature, concentration, oxygen and pH, which are the most cited in the literature. Scrupulous bibliographic research enabled us to determine two additional degradation factors that are the influence of singlet oxygen and electron beam on folic acid stability, which are not considered as among the prime factors. Although these two factors are not commonly present as compared to the others, singlet oxygen and electron beams intervene in new therapeutic technologies and must be taken in consideration for further applications such photodynamic or X-rays therapies.

Mortier L., Saiag P., Thomas L., Lebbe C., Maubec E., Meyer N., Jouary T., Dalac S., Lesimple T., Dreno B., Richard M. A., Leccia M. T.   Items that justify a day-care hospital stay for the management of skin cancer. Guidelines from the Oncodermatology Group of the Societe Francaise de Dermatologie.  Ann. Dermatol. Venereol..  2016 ;143 :559-561
Hénon F., Le Nobin J., Ouzzane A., Villers A., Strecker G., Bouyé S.   Factors influencing the choice of nondonor families in a French organ-harvesting center.  Prog. Urol..  2016 ;26 :656-661

OBJECTIVES: Report the reasons that lead families to refuse organ donation during their close solicitation by hospital coordination. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted between 2012 and 2015, including 148 (34%) refusal of organ donation among 426 patients identified in a state of brain death. A questionnaire of the family was completed for each interview. Collected data concerned patient characteristics, cause of death, description of the interview and reasons for refusal. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 50 years with a sex ratio of 1.4 men to 1 woman. The most common reason for non-donor family was the desire to maintain the integrity of the body of the patient (28%) followed by a religious order pattern (11%), brutality and suddenness of death (9%), the denial of death (6%) and early age of the donor (5%). In 39% of cases, the family said that the donor had expressed a written or oral refusal in his lifetime. CONCLUSION: A better understanding of the reasons leading to the refusal of non-donor family could provide assistance to the medical team on actions to general public with the aim to reduce the refusal rate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Robert C., Karaszewska B., Schachter J., Rutkowski P., Mackiewicz A., Stroyakovskiy D., Dummer R., Grange F., Mortier L., Chiarion-Sileni V., Drucis K., Krajsovy I., Hauschild A., Mookerjee B., Legos J. J., Zhang Y., Lane S., Schadendorf D.   Three-year estimate of overall survival in COMBI-v, a randomized phase 3 study evaluating first-line dabrafenib (D) plus trametinib (T) in patients (pts) with unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600E/K-mutant cutaneous melanoma.  Ann. Oncol..  2016 ;27
Rischmann P., Gelet A., Villers A., Pasticier G., Rouviere O.   HEMIABLATION HIFU FOR UNILATERAL LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER: A PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER TRIAL.  J. Urol..  2016 ;195 :E951-E951
Regis C., Mesdag V., Tresch E., Chauvet M. P., Boulanger L., Collinet P., Giard S.   Is nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant reconstruction for breast cancer safe and worthwhile?.  Cancer Res..  2016 ;76